Table 2 Characteristics of patients with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) due to the ribotype 027 strain (Cases) versus CDI due to non-027 strains (Controls)
Characteristics | Cases (n=3,353) | Controls (n=10,059) | OR (95% CI) | Univariate Analysis P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender male (%) | 3191 (95.2) | 9412 (93.6) | 1.35 (1.14–1.61) | 0.001 |
Age >65 years old (%) | 2413 (72.0) | 6308 (62.7) | 1.53 (1.41–1.66) | <0.001 |
BMI, kg/m2 [Mean (SD)] | 27.27 (7.61) | 27.76 (7.39) | 0.99 (0.98–0.99) | 0.001 |
Race, White (%) | 2760 (82.3) | 8204 (81.6) | 1.06 (0.95–1.17) | 0.300 |
CCIS [Mean (SD)] | 4.27 (3.26) | 3.91 (3.25) | 1.04 (1.02–1.04) | 0.001 |
Braden Scale (%) | ||||
No Risk | 1617 (48.2) | 5806 (57.7) | Ref | |
Mild | 1257 (37.5) | 3211 (31.9) | 1.43 (1.31–1.56) | 0.000 |
Moderate | 273 (8.1) | 619 (6.2) | 1.62 (1.39–1.89) | 0.000 |
High | 206 (6.1) | 423 (4.2) | 1.79 (1.5–2.14) | 0.000 |
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (%) | 56 (1.7) | 389 (3.9) | 0.42 (0.31–0.56) | <0.001 |
Diabetes Mellitus (%) | 1456 (43.4) | 4019 (40.0) | 1.16 (1.07–1.25) | 0.000 |
Cancer (%) | 903 (26.9) | 2622 (26.1) | 1.05 (0.96–1.14) | 0.323 |
Cirrhosis (%) | 234 (7.0) | 648 (6.4) | 1.09 (0.93–1.27) | 0.276 |
Gastrointestinal procedure (%) | 67 (2.0) | 230 (2.3) | 0.87 (0.66–1.15) | 0.327 |
Nasal colonization MRSA (%) | 528 (15.7) | 1038 (10.3) | 1.66 (1.48–1.86) | <0.001 |
Serum creatinine, >1.3 mg/dL (%) | 1484 (44.3) | 4019 (40.0) | 1.2 (1.1–1.29) | <0.001 |
Peripheral WBC count, ≥11,000/mm (%) | 1641 (48.9) | 3618 (36.0) | 1.71 (1.58–1.85) | <0.001 |
Serum albumin, <3.5 g/dL (%) | 2496 (74.4) | 6435 (64.0) | 1.69 (1.55–1.86) | <0.001 |
PPIs (%) | 1911 (57.0) | 5783 (57.5) | 0.98 (0.9–1.06) | 0.610 |
H2RAs (%) | 598 (17.8) | 1709 (17.0) | 1.06 (0.96–1.18) | 0.257 |
High-risk antibiotic time of exposure within 90 days (%) | ||||
None | 1137 (33.9) | 4502 (44.8) | ||
≤5 days | 872 (26.0) | 2511 (25.0) | 1.39 (1.25–1.54) | <0.001 |
6–14 days | 962 (28.7) | 2222 (22.1) | 1.75 (1.58–1.93) | <0.001 |
≥14 days | 382 (11.4) | 824 (8.2) | 1.90 (1.65–2.18) | <0.001 |
Epidemiological Classification | ||||
Community-associated | 1001 (29.9) | 4016 (39.9) | Ref | |
Healthcare-associated | 2182 (65.1) | 5458 (54.3) | 1.64 (1.5–1.79) | <0.001 |
Undetermined | 170 (5.1) | 585 (5.8) | 1.14 (0.94–1.38) | 0.195 |