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Table 2 AMS knowledge, attitude and practice scores by demographic variables and workplace characteristics

From: Unveiling antimicrobial stewardship competence among Italian nurses: results from a nationwide survey

Variable

Knowledge

Attitude

Practices

Adequate

Not adequate

p-value

Positive

Negative

p-value

Yes

No

p-value

Gender, n. (%)

         

 Male

367 (97.9)

8 (2.1)

0.723

273 (72.8)

102 (27.2)

0.992

337 (89.9)

38 (10.1)

0.198

 Female

1231 (97.3)

34 (2.7)

 

925 (73.1)

340 (26.9)

 

1105 (87.4)

160 (12.6)

 

 Non-binary

11 (100.0)

0 (-)

 

8 (72.7)

3 (27.3)

 

11 (100.0)

0 (-)

 

Age, mean (SD)

39.3 (10.9)

40.6 (10.4)

0.458

39.4 (10.8)

39.2 (11.0)

0.715

39.4 (11.0)

39.1 (10.0)

0.685

Education a, n. (%)

         

 Basic

1187 (97.4)

32 (2.6)

0.725

902 (74.0)

317 (26.0)

0.145

1088 (89.3)

131 (10.7)

0.009

 Advanced

422 (97.7)

10 (2.3)

 

304 (70.4)

128 (29.6)

 

365 (84.9)

67 (15.5)

 

Workplace b, n. (%)

         

 Medical

734 (98.3)

13 (1.7)

0.146

552 (73.9)

195 (26.1)

0.445

662 (88.6)

85 (11.4)

< 0.001

 Surgical

443 (96.5)

16 (3.5)

 

325 (70.8)

134 (29.2)

 

426 (92.8)

33 (7.2)

 

 Intensive care

432 (97.1)

13 (2.9)

 

329 (73.9)

116 (26.1)

 

365 (82.0)

80 (18.0)

 

Hospital c, n. (%)

         

 Second level

598 (97.9)

13 (2.1)

0.711

432 (70.7)

179 (29.3)

0.117

524 (85.8)

87 (14.2)

0.068

 First level

551 (97.2)

16 (2.8)

 

413 (72.8)

154 (27.2)

 

511 (90.1)

56 (9.9)

 

 Basic

460 (97.3)

13 (2.7)

 

361 (76.3)

112 (23.7)

 

418 (88.4)

55 (11.6)

 

Region d, n. (%)

         

 Central-Northern Italy

978 (97.8)

22 (2.2)

0.271

773 (77.3)

227 (22.7)

< 0.001

875 (87.5)

125 (12.5)

0.432

 Central-Southern Italy and Islands

631 (96.9)

20 (3.1)

 

433 (66.5)

218 (33.5)

 

578 (88.8)

73 (11.0)

 
  1. AMS, Antimicrobial Stewardship; SD, Standard Deviation
  2. a Basic: Bachelor’s degree in nursing, Nursing diploma. Advanced: One-year post-bachelor course, Master’s degree in nursing, One-year post-master course, PhD
  3. b Medical area includes: Medical area, Geriatric and Rehabilitation area. Surgical area includes: Orthopedic and General Surgery area
  4. c Second level Hospital: 300,000–1,200,000. First level Hospital: 150,000–300,000. Basic Hospital: 80,000–150,000. Hospital classification from www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2015/06/04/15G00084/sg
  5. d Central-Northern Italy: Lombardia, Friuli Venezia-Giulia, Veneto, Trentino-Alto Adige, Emilia-Romagna, Piemonte, Liguria and Toscana. Central-Southern Italy and Islands: Lazio, Marche, Puglia, Sicilia, Abruzzo, Calabria, Umbria, Campania, Basilicata, Sardegna