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Table 2 Comparison of patients carrying only CPE versus patients carrying only CPNF

From: Screening sites for detection of carbapenemase-producers– a retrospective cohort study

 

CPE N = 80

CPNF N = 28

Univariable analysis

Multivariable analysis

N (%) or median (IQR)

N (%) or median (IQR)

ORe (95%CI)

p-valuef

ORe (95%CI)

p-valuef

Age (years)

68 (48–74)

65 (54–72)

0.99 (0.97–1.02)

0.441

  

Female sex

34 (42.5)

11 (39.3)

1.14 (0.47–2.75)

0.767

  

Localization before hospitalization

  

0.37 (0.23–0.60)

 < 0.001

0.68 (0.36–1.30)

0.244

Home

Nursing home

Other acute care facility

61 (76.3)

2 (2.5)

17 (21.3)

9 (32.1)

1 (3.6)

18 (64.3)

    

Discipline/ward

  

0.82 (0.54–1.23)

0.330

  

Surgery

Medicine

Isolation ward

Gynaecology

Urology

31 (38.8)

40 (50.0)

8 (10.0)

1 (1.3)

0

13 (46.4)

12 (42.9)

0

0

3 (10.7)

    

History of hospitalizationa

Stay in ICU

69 (86.3)

9 (11.3)

24 (85.7)

6 (21.4)

1.05 (0.30–3.59)

0.45 (0.14–1.43)

0.944

0.177

  

History of colonization with CPBa

History of colonization with ESBL-PEa

27 (33.8)

28 (35.0)

2 (7.1)

4 (14.3)

6.62 (1.46–30.01)

3.23 (1.02–10.24)

0.014

0.046

10.43 (1.59–68.56)

2.65 (0.54–12.99)

0.015

0.230

Travel historya

Hospitalization abroada

35 (43.8)

31 (38.8)

20 (71.4)

18 (90.0)

0.31 (0.12–0.79)

0.86 (0.14–5.18)

0.014

0.870

0.68 (0.19–2.41)

0.550

CCI

2 (1–4)

1 (0–2)

1.84 (1.31–2.60)

0.001

1.58 (1.04–2.40)

0.031

Antibiotic therapy prior to detection of CPBb

53 (66.3)

24 (85.7)

0.33 (0.10–1.04)

0.058

  

Immunosuppressing therapya

20 (25.0)

3 (10.7)

2.78 (0.76–10.19)

0.124

  

PPIa

43 (53.8)

12 (42.9)

1.55 (0.65–3.69)

0.323

  

Chronic wounds

9 (11.3)

7 (25.0)

0.38 (0.13–1.14)

0.085

  

Recent surgerya

36 (45.0)

15 (53.6)

0.71 (0.30–1.68)

0.435

  

Urinary catheterizationc

20 (25.0)

22 (78.6)

0.09 (0.03–0.26)

 < 0.001

0.10 (0.03–0.35)

 < 0.001

Vascular hardwared

7 (8.8)

5 (17.9)

0.44 (0.13–1.52)

0.196

  

Outcome

Infection due to CPB

17 (21.3)

8 (28.6)

0.67 (0.25–1.80)

0.431

  

Length of hospital stay (days)

15 (9–32)

22 (9–41)

0.99 (0.97–1.00)

0.143

  

Death

4 (5.1)

9 (32.1)

0.11 (0.03–0.41)

0.001

  
  1. Significant p-values are indicated in bold and defined as a p-value < 0.05
  2. CPE, carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales; CPNF, carbapenemases-producing non-fermenting bacteria; IQR, interquartile range; 95%CI, 95% confidence interval; ICU, intensive care unit; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; PPI, proton pump inhibitor
  3. awithin the prior 12 months
  4. b within the prior 3 months
  5. c within the prior 30 days
  6. d in place ≥ 7 days
  7. e OR (Odds ratio) > 1 indicates higher odds for colonization with CPE, while OR < 1 indicates higher odds for colonization with CPNF