Fig. 2

Performance evaluation of machine learning models for predicting NIs. (a) The ROC curve of different models for predicting the risk of NIs in the internal validation cohort. (b) The ROC curve of different models for predicting the risk of NIs in the external validation cohort. (c) Calibration plot of the RF model for predicting NIs in the external validation cohort. (d) Decision curve analysis of the RF model for predicting NIs in the external validation cohort. Abbreviations: AUC, area under the curve; CI, Confidence Interval