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Table 6 Source of antibiotics

From: Prevalence and predictors of self-medication with antibiotics in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author, year

Source of antibiotics

Percentage

Bogale et al. 2019 [25]

Community pharmacies

82.3

Patent medicine stores

2.0

Private health facilities

11.0

Public hospital pharmacies

3.1

Erku et al. 2017 [26]

Community pharmacies

36.8

Health workers

44.1

Family/friends

19.1

Eticha et al. 2014 [27]

Community pharmacies

83.0

Patent medicine store

58.9

Friends/family

29.5

Leftovers from previous treatment

28.6

Gebeyehu et al. 2015 [28]

Community pharmacies

15.5

Friends/relatives

15.7

Kassa et al. 2022 [30]

hospital pharmacies

51.0

Community pharmacies

39.0

Leftovers from previously used antibiotics

7.0

sample from medical representatives

1.0

family/friends/neighbors

2.0

Demissie et al. 2022 [32]

medicine dispensers

70.8

previous doctor’s prescription

25.6

friends

3.6

Simegn & Moges, 2022 [33]

Retail outlet pharmacy

41.8

From friends or family members

28.7

By sharing with the others

15.0

Dache et al. 2021 [34]

doctor or nurse

62.1

Mossa et al. 2012 [35]

Neighbors

5.1

Left over past prescribe

7.7

Kiosks

17.9

Pharmacy

59.0

Other

10.2