Table 4 Mean scores on perceptions of AMR and IPC as measured on a 5-point likert scale

I think antibiotic resistance is a significant problem

3.9 (0.9)

4.0 (0.9)

3.9 (0.8)

4.1 (0.8)

0.33 (0.97)

I think infection prevention and control measures are necessary to prevent the spread of (resistant) bacteria

4.2 (0.7)

4.2 (0.7)

4.0 (0.7)

4.3 (0.8)

0.11 (1.61)

I think infection prevention and control measures protect the client from getting an infection.

4.1 (0.7)

4.1 (0.8)

3.9 (0.7)

4.3 (0.8)

0.20 (1.26)

I think good organization of infection prevention and control within an institution prevents the spread of pathogens (bacteria).

3.9 (0.8)

4.0 (0.8)

3.6 (0.8)

4.1 (0.9)

0.02* (2.28)

I consider hand hygiene important in my work.

4.5 (0.6)

4.6 (0.6)

4.3 (0.6)

4.5 (0.8)

0.08 (1.73)

I believe that hand hygiene hinders homeliness.

2.2 (0.9)

2.0 (0.9)

2.4 (1.0)

2.4 (1.1)

0.09 (-1.70)

I consider personal hygiene important in my work (removing jewelry, tying back hair, possibly wearing work clothing)

4.1 (0.9)

4.3 (0.7)

3.7 (1.0)

4.2 (0.9)

0.00* (2.98)

I believe that personal hygiene guidelines hinder homeliness.

2.4 (1.0)

2.2 (0.9)

2.7 (1.1)

2.7 (1.3)

0.03* (-2.21)

I believe I am at high risk of acquiring a (resistant) bacterium during my work.

2.5 (0.9)

2.6 (0.8)

2.3 (1.0)

2.7 (1.0)

0.08 (1.74)

I believe my clients are at high risk of acquiring a (resistant) bacterium during care.

3.0 (0.9)

3.1 (0.9)

2.6 (1.0)

2.9 (0.8)

0.00* (2.84)

Mean all items

3.4 (0.4)

3.5 (0.3)

3.3 (0.4)

3.6 (0.4)

0.02* (2.39)