Table 3 Primary findings – Non-adherence to antibiotic treatment

Parent-related determinants

Attitudes and beliefs:

* Child’s symptoms improved

* Concern of potential harmful effects

* Lack of improvement in symptoms

* [35, 41, 42, 51, 53, 54]

* [35, 54]

* [53]

* Vietnam, China, Malawi, Bangladesh³

* Vietnam, Bangladesh³

* Malawi³

Knowledge:

* Low awareness of AMR and side effects

* Difficulties understanding the medicine regime.

* [34, 35, 40, 42]

* [20, 53]

* Vietnam, Yemen, China¹

* Australia, Malawi³

Forgetting:

* [20]

* Australia³

External advice and influences

* Social and cultural norms:

* Palatability/child refusal:

* Lack of access to refrigeration to store antibiotic medicine:

* [53]

* [20]

* [20]

* Malawi³

* Australia³

* Australia³

Barriers to healthcare

*Greater distance to travel:

* [53]

* Malawi³