Table 3 Trends in outcome measures stratified according to antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) program quality indicators score percentile (P) groups of 23 trusts in Piedmont, Northern Italy, participating in the study (2017–2021)
From: Impact of COVID-19 on antimicrobial stewardship activities in Italy: a region-wide assessment
Outcome measure | AMS structure score 2021 | AMS process score 2021 | Total AMS score 2021 | All | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
< 25th P | 25th -75th P | > 75th P | < 25th P | ≥ 25th P | < 25th P | 25th -75th P | > 75th P | ||
Alcohol-based handrub usage | |||||||||
 5-year trend | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
 CAGR, median % (IQR) | 10.27 (9–17.71) | 12.93 (8.26–23.51) | 10.69 (5.52–25.36) | 11.32 (8.65–15.92) | 12.36 (6.34–22.67) | 9.98 (8.65–15.25) | 12.93 (10.19–12.93) | 8.17 (5.46–25.89) | 12.36 (7.32–19.95) |
Antibacterials for systemic use (ATC group J01) a | |||||||||
 5-year trend | NS | ↓ (p 0.012) | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
 CAGR, median % (IQR) | -2.99 (-6.07 - -2.99) | -0.46 (-3.76–3.97) | -2.07 (-5.86–7.01) | -0.46 (-6.07 - -0.46) | -1.88 (-3.57–1.03) | -0.65 (-6.07 - -0.65) | -2.25 (-3.57–0.21) | -0.42 (-7.2–9.89) | -1.17 (-3.18–1.92) |
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus rates | |||||||||
 5-year trend | NS | NS | ↓ (p 0.031) | NS | ↓ (p 0.044) | NS | NS | NS | NS |
 CAGR, median % (IQR) | -2.16 (-6.33–4.19) | -3.11 (-9.16–1.44) | -7.89 (-11.75–2.53) | 8.53 (-2.16–8.53) | 4.12 (-9.54 - -2.16) | -2.16 (-3.75 - -2.16) | -3.16 (-9.54 - -0.99) | -6.2 (-12.29–6.05) | -3.2 (-8.4 - -1.31) |
Carbapenem-resistant enterobacteria rates | |||||||||
 5-year trend | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
 CAGR, median % (IQR) | 0.26 (-7.17–7.47) | -6.47 (-18.79–16.5) | -10.77 (-27.59 - -3.4) | 0.26 (-7.05–0.26) | -9.14 (-14.36–9.86) | 2.87 (0.26–2.87) | -7.05 (-14.37–10.23) | -9.96 (-35.35 - -0.54) | -7.05 (-11.75–2.87) |